The Absolute Maximum Ratings are rated values which must not be exceeded during operation, even for an instant. If absolute maximum ratings are stipulated for two or more parameters, no two can be applied to the device simultaneously. Although absolute maximum ratings differ from product to product, they essentially concern the reverse voltage, forward current, the allowable power dissipation, and the junction, storage and lead temperatures.
If the voltage or current exceeds the absolute maximum rating, the die can become degraded or cause the chip to break down.
If storage or soldering temperatures exceed rated values, the package seal can deteriorate or the wire bonds can open due to the difference between the thermal expansion coefficients of the materials from which the device is constructed.